Emily Diederichs Duval
(1861-1924)
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Add info. NB this image has been colorised online, so colours may be misleading.
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DUVAL, EMILY, MRS (1861-1924)
Daughter of Thomas Hayes, in 1881 married Ernest Diederichs Duval, who is described as the manager of a factory, and who became a member of the MEN'S POLITICAL UNION. She and her husband were friends of longstanding of Frank RUTTER, a portrait of whom was given to them. Emily Duval joined the WOMEN'S SOCIAL AND POLITICAL UNION in 1906 but in 1907 left to join the WOMEN'S FREEDOM LEAGUE, being chairman of its Battersea branch for three years and a member of its national executive.
In November 1907 she took part in the WFL campaign of protesting in police courts when women were in the dock. The argument was that women had no part in making the laws and they, therefore, would not obey them. In January 1908 she was sentenced to one month's imprisonment after taking part in a deputation to Asquith at his home in Cavendish Square and in October was arrested after being involved in the disturbances that occurred when Muriel MATTERS chained herself to the grille of the Ladies' Gallery in the House of Commons. One of her daughters, Barbara, was arrested at the same time, but was discharged on promising to abstain from further militancy until she was 21.
In February 1909 Emily Duval was sentenced to six weeks' imprisonment in Holloway; Constance LYTTON in Prisons and Prisoners recorded her presence, and later wrote to Mrs Duval reminiscing about their experience. In November 1911, having left the WFL as insufficiently militant, she rejoined the WSPU and was sentenced to two weeks' imprisonment, having broken windows of the Local Government Board offices, and, while under arrest, smashing some more.
On 20 December 1911 the Men's Political Union held a dinner in honour of the entire Duval family, at which Frederick PETHICK-LAWRENCE was the main speaker.
In March 1912 Emily Duval was again sentenced to two weeks' imprisonment for window smashing and on 26 March 1912 received a six months' sentence, which was spent in Winson Green Prison, Birmingham. At the end of four months she joined in the hunger strike, was forcibly fed, and then released to be taken to a nursing home at the beginning of July.
She has left a description of her experience of this time in prison, including that of being forcibly fed. This text, together with one of the scrolls she received from the WSPU to commemorate her imprisonment, is now held in a private collection. [PB: If possible, FIND THIS TEXT.]
In 1915, and probably before, Emily Duval was working for Sylvia PANKHURST'S EAST LONDON FEDERATION OF SUFFRAGETTES and in 1916 was on the first committee of the SUFFRAGETTES OF THE WSPU, formed by members of the WSPU who wished, unlike the Pankhursts, to continue the suffrage campaign during the war.
From 1918 to 1921 Emily Duval was a member of Battersea Borough Council. In 1922 she had obviously been ill for some time and received a letter of sympathy from Emmeline Pethick-Lawrence.
Of her six children, four (Elsie, Victor, Norah, who in 1913 had been living for some time in Leeds with Frank Rutter and his wife, and Laura) went to prison for the cause. Three of her daughters did not live long enough to vote; Winifred died in April 1918, Elsie on 3 January 1919, and Barbara on 5 January 1919.
Address: (1908) 37 Park Road, Wandsworth Common, London SW.
Photograph: in the Vote, 14 November 1924; portrait of Barbara Duval by Cicely Hamilton, in a private collection.
Bibliography: Obituary by Margaret Wynne Nevinson in the Vote, 14 November 1924.
Source: Elizabeth Crawford, Women's ?]
Mrs Emily Duval, obituary by Margaret Nevinson in The Vote, 14 November 1924
[BL_0002186_19241114_007_0001]
[PB: Incidentally, Margaret Nevinson was the mother of WWI artist Christopher Nevinson (1989-1946), who worked at the 3rd London General Hospital.]
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"The Duval Suffrage Family of Lavender Sweep" - excellent article, with numerous photographs, by Jeanne Rathbone. Add info here. Contact her.
EMILY HAYES / DIEDERICHS DUVAL / NOTES AND CHRONOLOLOGY
[PB: This is chiefly derived from "JennyandAdrian", Ancestry.com. They are unusually meticulous researchers, but check everything anyway. Contact "Jennyand Adrian" if we find andy info or pics that they may not know about. Contact them anyway because they may have further info.]
[PB: ADD ANY PICS]
[PB: What is the URL for all this on the Ancestry site?]
Jane Emily Hayes
1860 - 1924
Birth 25 NOV 1860 - Mayfair, Middlesex, England
Death 31 OCT 1924 - 37 Park Road, St John's Hill, Battersea, London, England
Birth
25 Nov 1860 - Mayfair, Middlesex, England
Born at 10a South Bruton Mews.
1860
(AGE)
Baptism
3 Feb 1861 - Battersea St George the Martyr, England
Abode given as "Piccadilly" which is close to Mayfair; ambiguity may be understandable.
1861
Residence
1861 - St George Hanover Square, Middlesex, England
Relationship: Daughter. Address: 10A South Bruton Mews.
1861
1
Residence
2 Apr 1881 - Battersea, London, England
Father in hospital. Address: 37 Wycliffe Rd (just a few doors from Ernest); occupation: "S Machinist"; birthplace: Piccadilly. [I have inserted the usual census date so this entry precedes Emily's marriage.]
1881
20
Marriage
19 Sep 1881 - St Mary, Battersea, England
Newlyweds residing at 52 Wycliffe Rd, for which the 1881 census gives as head-of-household Amelie Diedrichs [sic] (38), actually Ernest's mother (43). Witnesses: Thomas Hayes, Annie [King?], A Diedericks [sic].
Ernest Charles Augustus Diederichs Duval
(1858 - 1953)
1881
20
Residence
1901 - 97 Lavender Sweep, Battersea, London, England
Relation to Head of House: Wife
1901
41
Detail of family portrait
Abt. 1904 - London, England
Portrait dated by apparent age of Gurney, the only son with older sisters.
1904
44
Joined the Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU)
1906 - London, England
Source: Rise up, Women!: the remarkable lives of the suffragettes / Diane Atkinson (2018) p214.
1906
46
Left WSPU to join the Women's Freedom League (WFL)
1907 - London, England
She chaired the Battersea branch of WFL. Imprisoned twice as WFL activist. Source: Rise up, Women!: the remarkable lives of the suffragettes / Diane Atkinson (2018) p214. WSPU split was due to dissatisfaction with autocratic style of the Pankhursts.
1907
47
Tried for militant suffragist activity
29 Oct 1908 - Westminster [Assizes?]
Arrested when Muriel Matters chained herself to the grille in the House of Commons [28 Oct]. Paid the fine. Source: Rise up, Women!: the remarkable lives of the suffragettes / Diane Atkinson (2018) p214.
1908
47
Tried for militant suffragist activity
19 Feb 1909 - Bow Street [Assizes?]
Served 6 weeks in Holloway, almost all in the hospital wing suffering from acute neuritis. Source: Rise up, Women!: the remarkable lives of the suffragettes / Diane Atkinson (2018) p215.
1909
48
Participated in "deputation to Parliament"
21 Nov 1911 - London, England
Mass window-breaking, and rushing of police cordons. Elsie, Barbara, and Victor also participated. Emily recently quit WFL for WSPU because not militant enough. Source: Rise up, Women!: the remarkable lives of the suffragettes / Diane Atkinson (2018) p274.
1911
50
Tried for militant suffragist activity
28 Nov 1911 - Bow Street [Assizes?]
She broke windows at the Local Government Board during "deputation to Parliament". Imprisoned for 2 weeks. Source: Rise up, Women!: the remarkable lives of the suffragettes / Diane Atkinson (2018) p274.
1911
51
Arrested for window smashing.
1 Mar 1912 - London, England
Source: Una Stratford-Dugdale's diary (2 Mar 1912). According to Rise up, Women!: the remarkable lives of the suffragettes / Diane Atkinson (2018) p293, 124 women were arrested and charged with causing wilful damage to the value of £5000 on this date.
1912
51
Tried for window smashing
5 Mar 1912 - Bow Street [Assizes?]
Given that she appeared in court again on 19 Mar, I suspect that this was a preliminary hearing. 124 women arrested on the 1st, and more on the 4th; the courts were struggling to cope.
1912
51
Tried for militant suffragist activity
19 Mar 1912 - London Sessions
6 months in Winson Green Prison for 2 windows in Regent Street. Told the court she did it for young girls driven into prostitution by poverty. Hunger strike after 4 months, 2 days of force feeding. Source: Rise up, Women! / Atkinson p297-8.
1912
51
Address to WPSU reception for ex-prisoners
4 Oct 1913 - Guildhall, Wandsworth Road, Wandsworth, London, England
South Western Star (Fri Oct 11, lhs) reported Emily's address, in which she postulated shooting Lloyd George because he "sanctioned" violence against women that occurred at his recent meeting. Emily was a firebrand.
1913
52
Tried for militant suffragist activity
23 May 1914 - Marlborough Street [Assizes?]
Votes for women!
1914
53
Worked for East London Federation of Suffragettes
1915-1918 - East London, London, England
Precise dates not given - "during the war" (Rise up, Women!: the remarkable lives of the suffregettes / Diane Atkinson (2018) p534). Sylvia Pankhurst, a socialist, was the driving force behind ELFS.
1915
55
Served on Battersea Borough Council
1918-1921 - Battersea, Surrey, England
Source: Rise up, Women!: the remarkable lives of the suffregettes / Diane Atkinson (2018) p534. Her effective service must have ended with her stroke in Sep 1920.
1918
58
Stroke
Abt. Sep 1920
Death record states: "Cerebral haemorrhage & hemiplegia 4 years 1 month" [ie. 4 years 1 month before she died]. She was too sick to attend Elsie's funeral in January 1919, but this may have been unrelated (influenza perhaps).
1920
59
Death
31 Oct 1924 - 37 Park Road, St John's Hill, Battersea, London, England
37 Park Rd, St John's Hill. (1) Cerebral haemorrhage & hemiplegia [4 years 1 month] (2) Asthenia & heart failure consequent on above [2 days] No PM" Ernest present at death. Victor's diary says: "My dear mother passed on at 10:40 am."
1924
63
Burial
05 Nov 1924 - Morden Parish, Surrey, England
There is now no stone, but I was able to locate the grave (block G2, grave 6283) and marked it with my bag for this photo. It is on the edge of G2, to right of Lieut. Fred W. Skepelhorn.
1924
Sources
Ancestry Sources
1861 England Census
1881 England Census
1901 England Census
England & Wales, Death Index, 1916-2007
England & Wales, FreeBMD Marriage Index, 1837-1915
England, Select Births and Christenings, 1538-1975
England, Select Births and Christenings, 1538-1975
England, Select Deaths and Burials, 1538-1991
England, Suffragettes Arrested, 1906-1914
London, England, Church of England Births and Baptisms, 1813-1906
London, England, Church of England Births and Baptisms, 1813-1906
London, England, Church of England Births and Baptisms, 1813-1906
London, England, Church of England Marriages and Banns, 1754-1921
Parents
Thomas Hayes
1830 - 1885
Jane Riley
1839 -
Spouse & Children
Ernest Charles Augustus Diederichs Duval
1858 - 1953
Ernest Edward Diederichs Duval
1882 - 1904
Victor Diederichs Duval
1885 - 1945
Walter Diederichs Duval
1887 - 1887
Barbara Diederichs Duval
1888 - 1919
Norah Diederichs Duval
1891 - 1972
Elsie Diederichs Duval
1893 - 1919
Winifred Diederichs Duval
1895 - 1918
Gurney Diederichs Duval
1897 -
Ivy Emily Diederichs Duval
1901 - 1902
Comments
JennyandAdrian There is a biography (Duval, Emily, Mrs), which may be viewed in Google Books, in
The Women's Suffrage Movement: A Reference Guide 1866-1928
by Elizabeth Crawford.
Emily's prison record, according to Elizabeth Crawford:Jan 1908: "sentenced to one month's imprisonment after taking part in a deputation to Asquith at his home in Cavendish Square";
October [1908]: "arrested after being involved in the disturbances that occurred when Murial Matters chained herself to the grille of the Ladies' Callery in the House of Commons." [it is also stated that Barbara was arrested on the same occasion];
February 1909: "sentenced to six weeks imprisonment in Holloway";
November 1911: "sentenced to two weeks imprisonment, having broken windows at the Local Government Board offices, and, while under arrest, smashing some more";
March 1912: "sentenced to two weeks imprisonment for window smashing";
26 March 1912 "received a six month sentence, which was spent in Winson Green Prison, Birmingham. At the end of four months she joined in the hunger strike, was forcibly fed, and then released to be taken to a nursing home at the beginning of July." [these times don't compute]
Deaths of daughters (source E.Crawford): Winifred (April 1918), Elsie (3 January 1919), Barbara (5 January 1919)
Family members imprisoned, in addition to Emily (source E. Crawford): Elsie, Victor, Norah, and Laura (!!?).